War service: Egypt, Gallipoli, Western Front

Disembarked Alexandria from Mudros, 9 January 1916 (general Gallipoli evacuation).

Temporarily transferred to 2nd Divisional Signal Company, 2 March 1916.

Embarked Alexandria to join the British Expeditionary Force, 16 March 1916; disembarked Marseilles, France, 21 March 1916.

Found guilty, 25 March 1916, of being absent from parade: awarded 7 days' Field Punishment No 2.

Found guilty, 24 September 1916, of being absent from parade from 4 pm to 4.15 pm: awarded 5 days' Field Punishment No 2.

Found guilty, 29 December 1916, of being absent from 7 am stable parade: awarded 3 days' Field Punishment No 2.

On leave to England, 13 July 1917. Admitted to 39th General Hospital, 29 July 1917, while returning from leave; discharged, 13 August 1917; total period of treatment for venereal disease: 16 days. Rejoined unit, 17 August 1917.

Appointed Lance Corporal, 25 September 1917.

Wounded in action, 28 September 1917 (gas poisoning), and admitted to 5th Australian Field Ambulance; transferred same day to 7th Australian Field Ambulance; to 3rd Australian Field Ambulance, 2 October 1917; to 10th Casualty Clearing Station, 2 October 1917; to Ambulance Train No 23,3 October 1917, and admitted to 6th General Hospital, Rouen, 4 October 1917; to England, 14 October 1917, and admitted to 1st Southern General Hospital, Birmingham, 15 October 1917. Marched into No 2 Command Depot, Weymouth, from furlough, 3 November 1917.

Found guilty, No 4 command Depot, Hurdcott, 29 January 1918, of (1) neglecting to obey order Dress; (2) neglecting to obey order Identification; (3) neglecting to obey an order given by MP: reverted to permanent grade of Private.

Attached to Motor Transport Section, Tidworth, 6 April 1918; to Motor Transport Section, Chelsea, 28 August 1918.

Granted leave with pay and subsistence (Non-Military Employment) , 26 March-18 September 1919, to undetrtake commercial travelling (motor machinery), Belmont Motors, Oxford Street, London.

Commenced return to Australia on board HT 'Prinz Hubertus', 3 July 1919; disembarked Melbourne, 26 August 1919; discharged, Brisbane, 28 September 1919.