War service: Egypt, Western Front

Embarked Alexandria to join the British Expeditionary Force, 18 June 1916; disembarked Marseilles, 23 June 1916.

Wounded in action, 22 August 1916 (gun shot wound, right knee; serious), and admitted to 1st Australian Casualty Clearing Station; transferred to 7th General Hospital, St Omer, 26 August 1916; to England, 2 September 1916, and admitted to 3rd Southern General Hospital, Oxford, 3 September 1916; to 3rd Auxiliary Hospital, Dartford, 10 October 1916; discharged to No 2 Command Depot, Weymouth, 12 November 1916; marched into 8th Training Bn, Hurdcott, 24 January 1917. Proceeded overseas to France, 9 July 1917; rejoined unit, 1 August 1917.

Appointed Lance Corporal, 2 October 1917.

Admitted to 11th Casualty Clearing Station, 23 March 1918; transferred by Ambulance Train to 14th Stationary Hospital, Boulogne, 24 March 1918 (crushed left index finger); to England 27 March 1918, and admitted to Ontario Military Hospital, Orpington, Kent; transferred to 3rd Auxiliary Hospital, Dartford, 8 April 1918; discharged on furlough, 10 July 1918, to report to No 2 Command Depot, Weymouth, 24 July 1918.

Commenced return to Australia on board HT 'Medic', 24 August 1918; disembarked Sydney, 9 October 1918; discharged (medically unfit), 5 December 1918.