War service: Western Front

Embarked Sydney, 11 November 1916; found guilty of being absent without leave, Cape Town, 21 December 1916: forfeited 1 day's pay under Royal Warrant; disembarked Devonport, England, 30 January 1917, and marched in to 5th Training Bn, Rollestone.

Admitted to Fargo Military Hospital, 23 February 1917 (bronchitis); marched in to 5th Training Bn from hospital, 5 March 1917.

Transferred to 39th Bn, 27 March 1917.

Proceeded overseas to France, 25 April 1917; taken on strength, 39th Bn, in the field, 13 May 1917.

Wounded in action, 7 June 1917 (gassed), and admitted to 9th Australian Field Ambulance, and transferred to Casualty Clearing Station; to 3rd Canadian General Hospital, Boulogne, 8 June 1917; to 7th Convalescent Depot, 10 June 1917; to 10th Convalescent Depot, Ecault, 16 June 1917; to No 3 Rest Camp, Ecault, 21 July 1917; rejoined Bn, in the field, 1 September 1917.

Transferred to 3rd Division Traffic Control Detachment, 3 September 1917, and taken on strength, Anzac Provost Corps.

Admitted to 10th Australian Field Ambulance, 23 February 1918 (dislocated right elbow), and transferred to 2nd Australian Casualty Clearing Station; to 2nd Australian General Hospital, 26 February 1918; to England, 1 March 1918, and admitted to Exeter War Hospital, 1 March 1918 (dislocated elbow: severe); transferred to 1st Australian Auxiliary Hospital, Harefield, 20 March 1918; discharged on furlough, 26 April 1918, to report to No 2 Command Depot, Weymouth, 10 May 1918.

Commenced return to Australia on board HT 'Czaritza', 16 March 1919; transshipped to HT 'Dunluce Castle' (no details recorded); arrived Melbourne, 15 May 1919; discharged (medically unfit), Melbourne, 6 July 1919.